The deep sea or deep layer is the lowest layer in the ocean existing below the thermocline and above the seabed at a depth of 1000 fathoms 1800 m or more.
Floor of the deep sea.
Deep sea exploration has revealed varied landscapes which include volcanoes seamounts hydrothermal vents and cold seeps.
Deep sea trenches and their approaches are striking features on the ocean floor.
In order to take full advantage of these opportunities for discovery scientists and explorers must first overcome one of the biggest challenges of deep ocean exploration.
Temperatures at the ocean floor also vary greatly.
Continental shelf 300 feet continental slope 300 10 000 feet abyssal plain 10 000 feet abyssal hill 3 000 feet up from the abyssal plain seamount 6 000 feet.
In fact there have been more missions into space than journeys down to the greatest depths of the oceans.
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The japanese spider crab is the largest known crab with a maximum leg span of 3 8m.
The following features are shown at example depths to scale though each feature has a considerable range at which it may occur.
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The deep sea is a relatively mysterious and unknown part of the earth as only about 1 of the ocean floor has been explored by humans.
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Narrow flat abyssal.
This graphic shows several ocean floor features on a scale from 0 35 000 feet below sea level.
Deep sea divers face a number of threats like the adverse physiological effects of high water pressure threats from strange and dangerous sea creatures failure of diving equipments etc.
Little or no light penetrates this part of the ocean and most of the organisms that live there rely for subsistence on falling organic matter produced in the photic zone for this reason scientists once assumed that life would be sparse.
Narwhals dive to this depth up to 15 times a day in search for food.
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In the initial chapters the authors describe the physico chemical nature of the deep sea floor and the methods used to collect and study its.
The mid atlantic ridge for instance separates the north american plate from the eurasian plate and the south american plate from the african plate the east pacific rise is a mid ocean ridge that runs through the eastern pacific ocean and separates the pacific plate from the north american.
In general the cross sections of deep sea trenches are v shaped with steeper landward sides.
Coelacanths were thought to be extinct until found alive in 1938.
The ocean floor in particular is home to unique marine organisms as well as enormous geological features like volcanoes canyons and ridgelines.
Many deep sea creatures cope by creating light themselves also known as bioluminescence.
The deep sea floor paperback february 1 2003 by sneed b.
